Arithmetic

+ with integers will add the numbers together.

1 + 2 # result is 3

+ with strings is concatenation.

"Hello, " + "World!" # result is "Hello, World!"

- will subtract the first number with the second.

1 - 2 # result is -1

* with integers will multiply the numbers together.

1 * 2 # result is 2

* between strings and integers is string repetition.

"Hello" * 3 # result is "HelloHelloHello"

/ with integers will divide the first number by the second.

30 / 5 # result is 6

- will either make its right hand side negative or positive.
! will return true if its right hand side is falsy, and false if it is truthy.

-1 # result is -1
!true # result is 0

For more information about truthiness and falsiness, see Truthiness.

^ will multiply its left hand side by itself the number of times on the right hand side.

2 ^ 3 # result is 8

% will return the remainder of its left hand side subtracted by its right hand side multiple times until it is less than its original value.

30 % 5 # result is 0
4 % 3 # result is 1
12 % 5 # result is 2